Genes, Chromosomes and DNA are all linked for the purpose of what they are within an organism. Chromosomes are structures found in the nucleus of cells that carry long pieces of DNA. DNA is the material that holds the genes. DNA is the molecule that carries genetic information for the development and functioning of an organism, which DNA also helps maintain and form physical characteristics. Characteristics and traits are passed down through your whakapapa. Genes are responsible for producing the proteins that run through our body. All humans have 46 chromosomes found in their bodies, 23 chromosomes are inherited from each parent.